AGRIBUSINESS: How fishmeal and oil alternatives can support aquaculture growth.

AGRIBUSINESS: How fishmeal and oil alternatives can support aquaculture growth.As the world increasingly turns to aqua farming to feed its growing population, there's no better time than now to design an aquaculture system that is sustainable and efficient. Researchers at UC Santa Barbara, the University of Tasmania and the International Atomic Agency examined the current practice of catching wild fish for forage (to feed farmed fish) and concluded that using novel, non-fishmeal feeds could help boost production while treading lightly on marine ecosystems and reserving more of these small, nutritious fish for human consumption.

TILAPIA FARMING: WHAT YOU REQUIRE TO ESTABLISH A SMALL FISH POND.

TILAPIA FARMING: WHAT YOU REQUIRE TO ESTABLISH A SMALL FISH POND. The first thing is the A) design of the Pond. When choosing the pond site and configuration, there are a few variables to be considered. A portion of these are:1)Source of water to fill the pond. 2) How to bring water to the pond: The general rule is that the pond water inflow and outflow should measure up to the pond volume over the time of a month. On the off chance that the inflow is too low, water quality may experience the ill effects of oxygen exhaustion as well as collection of toxins. In the event that the water surge is too high, a lot of valuable green growth might be flushed out from the pond. The water should keep the pond full all through the culture period. The pond should top off in under seven days. Place screens on pond deltas and outlets to keep out predators, creepy crawlies and undesirable fish and furthermore to hold the cultured fish. B)Size, shape and pond depth: Moderately shallow ponds are profitable. In any case, the shallow end ought to be no less than 0.5m deep to keep away from invasion by weeds and predation of the fish. The size and state of the pond can shift contingent upon the fish species, fish populace and the farmer’s preferences. It’s important that on the off chance that you need to produce fingerlings, you will require all the more small ponds while a food fish producer requires moderately large ponds.

AGRIBUSINESS: Human urine is best fertilizer for fish pond.

Human urine is best fertilizer for fish pond. A new research shows that ponds fed with human urine generate food for fish faster by four days, while saving farmers at least 24kg of commercial fertilizer required after every two weeks. The research, which was published in the Ecological Engineering journal, said that the readiness to release the rich nitrogen and other ions in the human urine quickened the propagation process of the plankton. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) states that at least 24kg of commercial nitrogenous fertilizer must be applied per acre every two weeks to facilitate growth of zooplanktons,which are colonies of green microscopic organisms that are major sources of food for fish. A new research by the University of Kalyani, India, says half a liter of human urine is required for every 4,500 litres of water to trigger multiplication of zooplankton in four days. The research compared half a kilo of human urine with cowdung, vermicompost, chicken drippings and cow urine. In the various setups, Moina micrura plankton grew four days earlier in the human urine than the others. also

AGRIBUSINESS: Farmer uses fish waste to grow vegetables.

AGRIBUSINESS: Farmer uses fish waste to grow vegetables. Farmer uses fish waste to grow vegetables. Dickson Mosota opted out of buying nitrogenous fertilizers for his vegetable garden,he eliminated these costs by tapping fish pond water for irrigation as well as for the supply of nutrients. AGRIBUSINESS: Farmer uses fish waste to grow vegetables. Fish waste are rich in urea, which is a compound of nitrogen and other elements. Nitrogen is one of the basic mineral elements responsible for the vegetative growth in crops. It is a macro nutrient in photosynthesis, the process of making food in green plants. AGRIBUSINESS: Farmer uses fish waste to grow vegetables. Dickson Mosota realized that when he used the water from his integrated fish pond, the vegetables on top of the chicken and rabbit hatch did well. Chickens and rabbits drop their faecal matter into the water to support the growth of algae for the fish. When the fish excrete, the accumulating waste has other minerals elements that accelerate the growth hormones in the crops. Nitrogen is the main component in urea. The farmer drains the 4m by 8m pond monthly besides the regular circulation. more

Farmer feeds fish with cassava peels and makes millions.

Farmer feeds fish with cassava peels and makes millions. Evangelist Peter Ododa, owner and proprietor of an agricultural company called New Life Farms Agriculture Nigeria Limited based in Angwan Jikwoyi, New Karu, Nasarawa State. The 54-year-old started farming with N6,000 about four years ago with a pond and a small hut. Today, he is the proud owner of 48 ponds within the farm land and also owns a plantation that is about two and half hectares where he grows guava, banana, plantain, cassava, maize and other crops. The mission of this farmer is to prove that nothing is a waste in this world. The farmer feeds his chicken and fish with various waste food items; for fish, he uses rejected bread, palm kernel, soya bean chaff, Barbara nut, cassava peel, rice chaff to mention but a few. He has also explored other waste products to produce fish feeds in such a way that in four to five months they grow very big. The fishes thrive well on these waste products ,and after feeding for two to five months, their weights were between 2-3kg which he sold and made a lot of money. This is how ,read

AGRIBUSINESS: How to feed fish with cassava peels to boost growth and productivity.

AGRIBUSINESS: How to feed fish with cassava peels to boost growth and productivity. Fish is a valuable source of animal protein in human diets and also as protein in compounding of feed ration for animals. There is a need to increase production of fish for human consumption to meet the ever increasing demand by the population. There is a potential to produce locally that which is needed and even extend trade by exporting,but certain constraints are limiting growth. The cost of fish feed is a major constraint to productivity and farmers are always searching out ways to cut cost without affecting productivity. AGRIBUSINESS: How to feed fish with cassava peels to boost growth and productivity. The fish farmers are very innovative when it comes to feeding the fish,they usually start with compounded feed(finished) to start them up after which they source out locally produced feed(home- made) and then they finish them off with compounded(finished) feed. AGRIBUSINESS: How to feed fish with cassava peels to boost growth and productivity. In a bid to feed fish to boost productivity and growth several combinations have been used with success,read. Farmers have used cassava to feed fish in various combinations. Fish farmers often use a combination of cassava flakes with crayfish at mid-season and towards the harvesting time. Fish are fed with only cassava flakes also @1 week to harvest. The use of cassava peels have also been used to compound fish feed with tremendous success, learn how A study conducted to determine the growth response of fish to cassava peels shows that fish thrive very well on the peels using high inclusion rates. The study conducted at Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal Polytechnic Nekede, Owerri in 2012. The test used factorial design of five treatments of cassava peel meal at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% graded level . The cassava peel meal was sun dried for 48 h, grinded and added to the feed fed to 150 fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus into 10 tanks in triplicates and fed twice daily at 5% body weight for 60 days. The result shows that fish fed with 100% cassava peel meal had the highest mean weight gain of 10.46±0.01 and specific growth rate of 1.23±0.04. The poorest result was shown by fish fed 25% cassava peel meal with the lowest survival rate, weight gain, feed intake and specific growth rate, respectively. more

RESEARCH : Fish communicate with one another using urine.

RESEARCH : Fish communicate with one another using urine. A paper published in the journal Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology by a team of researchers has shown that at least one species of fish communicates with others of its kind using chemicals in its urine. The researchers inserted a partition in the middle of a fish tank that prevented fish on either side from interacting physically with one another. In some scenarios, the barrier had tiny holes to allow water to pass between the sides, while in others it did not. RESEARCH : Fish communicate with one another using urine. Also, some barriers were opaque and others were transparent. In addition, the researchers injected the fish with a blue dye that allowed them to see and measure urine being expelled by the fish once in the tank. The researchers measured how much urine was expelled under a variety of situations—in which only one fish was in the tank; in which there were two but they could not see each other; in which there were two and they could see each other but were or were not able to communicate via urine through the barrier—the team also used a variety of fish sizes and noted fish behavior throughout each test. The researchers looked at their results and noted that when two fish saw one another in the tank, they raised their fins and approached each other in an aggressive manner, and both emitted more urine than when they were not able to see another fish. They found that only when the urine was allowed to move through the barrier was there a noticeable change in behavior of the fish—in such cases, the smaller fish generally reduced its aggressiveness, yielding to the larger one. The researchers also noted that when the urine was not able to pass through the barrier and the fish were able to see one another, both emitted more urine than in any other scenario, apparently aware that their message was not getting through.

A beautiful aquarium fence in Turkey.

Mehmet Ali Gökçeoğlu decided to build the coolest aquarium for his pet fish in his luxurious villa in Turkey. He went overboard and built the famous aquarium out in the open, in the form of a 50 meter long fence, surrounding his home. The wacky idea cost the millioniare plenty of thousands of dollars, but pretty soon, he saw his dream come true. The fence was a “fully furnished” aquarium, home to more than 1,000 fish, but also a few octopuses. The 50-meter-long aquarium has become a regular tourist attraction, and thousands of visitors come every day to admire the wondrous fish-fence. The hardest part of making the aqua-ence was connecting it to the Aegean sea with the aid of a 400-meter-long underground pipeline. This humongous conduct continuously changes the water, that is why it looks crystal clear and the fishes are extremely happy. The total amount spent on this cool aquarium fence was $21,000, but still has several costs with security and maintenance. The stunning aqua-fence is kept safe with the aid of more than 17 facial recognition security cameras. Visitors which line-up to see this cool, man-made structure are allowed to take pictures, or even film the aqua-fence, but if they come too close, they risk setting off an alarm. Contributed by Coolweirdo.com.

Dentist aids National Aviary in quest for better fix for broken beaks.

For birds, a beak injury can be catastrophic. The pointed, hard structures are essential for tasks large and small, such as eating, catching food and grooming feathers. In many ways, a beak is another limb.“They use their beaks for everything,” said Pilar Fish, director of veterinary medicine at the National Aviary in Pittsburgh's North Side. “Beaks are their teeth, their hands, and they help birds get their feathers in place to fly. It's devastating to see a fractured beak and to know it could pop off at any moment.” Fish described the injuries — and the challenges of beak and talon repair — to Dr. Mark Pechersky, a pediatric dentist, when he toured the aviary a few months ago with his wife, Debbie. The aviary reports about five such injuries annually. Fish lamented how she couldn't find a quality adhesive agent to fix fractured beaks and talons. She was using horse hoof acrylics that gave off a nasty smell and took a long time to dry. Pechersky, 69, wanted to help.He hadn't visited the aviary since he was 9 or 10 years old and came away from the visit thoroughly impressed with the aviary and its 500 birds from 150 species. Pechersky offered up a potential solution: pediatric dental bonding materials that dry in less than three minutes, are clear and don't smell. First, they'd have to test out his theory. Birds' beaks are mainly composed of keratin, a protein that provides structure and strength. Pechersky and Fish wanted to learn whether Pechersky's dental materials would secure damaged beaks as they do with kids' teeth. "What we learned together is that, even though beaks are smooth and hard, the dental materials work very well,” Fish said. “That was the most exciting discovery for us. It's nice to have all these different levels of technique available for the birds.” Pechersky followed up by donating dental tools and training Fish on how to make the fixes. He traveled to the aviary for a fourth time to work with Fish on an old skull of a red-tailed hawk. He instructed how to drill, bond and use light-activated dental resins, which dry quickly under the bright blue light of tiny flashlight devices. Fish intentionally broke the beak and then adhered it with dental materials.“This is wonderful,” she said. “If you don't repair a beak well enough then, basically, it can't eat and it may not heal at all.” Fish, who trained as a zoo veterinarian and developed a specialty in birds, has worked with everything from sharks to elephants. “The fragility, the beauty of birds is astonishing along with the diversity of them,” she said. “They are the most fragile patients. To work solely in avian medicine, you have these challenges similar to pediatrics with them being so fragile. Collaborating with the professional community to customize these new procedures is the only way we are going to advance avian medicine.” She always tries to avoid anesthesia with birds unless they are undergoing surgery. “When we only had horse hoof acrylics, they can take 15 minutes to adhere,” Fish said. “You have that bird, and the smell is worse than paint fumes. The fact that this is under three minutes to adhere means we can hold the birds and there is no anesthesia and no pain to get the beaks fixed.” Pechersky, who has been a pediatric dentist for 42 years, happily volunteered his time and services. The next step will be a live beak repair when the opportunity arises. “These dental materials continue to get better and faster and less toxic,” said Pechersky, whose office is in Monroeville. “The new generations of materials don't have fumes and are made for children's mouths. They bond hundreds of times better than the older materials.” Fish has Pechersky on speed-dial for the next emergency. He'll be ready. “This place is incredible; I'm amazed at all the changes from my visit as a child,” he said. “I'm not sure the general public is aware of what a local treasure this is.” Culled from Triblive

HOW TO ADD ACCESSORIES TO A FISH TANK.

Lighting up your aquarium,gives a whole new meaning to your project.
The colors could be changed @ intervals to create a new scene every time.

 The light bulbs could be white in the morning and blue,yellow or red at right.
Imagine the color buzz,in your club or cinema, it changes every thing.

 Toys can also be added for even more grand effects, such as balls,fish, boats,balls and logs.

The toys could be anything,it all depends on your creativity and style. # simple # easy # beautiful. #urban farmer

How to start an aquarium business.

Thinking of starting an home based business that is not capital intensive? welcome to the aqua world.

Starting an aquarium shop/store is easy and can easily be operated from the confines of your home. The basic skill you need is love for the sea-life and a spark of creativity to bring you projects to life.The size of your business will depend on your target audience, their taste and purpose.

The service is centered around fish and other water creatures that you can incorporate into your tank to add color and beauty to the tank. #urban farming .

Fish types to choose from are wide and the choice of what you stock depends mainly on what is available in your locality,taste and the expression you are willing to create.Turtles, are also a beauty to behold in the ponds. 

 Starting off; tank housing/containers are the major piece for the project.

The tanks could be plastic bottles,plastic drums,glass troughs,glass vats,wooden boxes,glass columns and slide trays.A host of water holding containers can be used,it all depends on your creativity. 

 The size of the project and the nature of client will also determine the type of vats.

Did you know you could incorporate a fish tank in an existing fountain? The next thing will be the accessories to make the tank stand out.

These include; pumps,filters, lights, decorations,plants,sand, and various toys. #aquarium The aquarium is ready ; Clean your vat/container. pour in your sand. put the desired accessories. put in your fish. Turn on the lights and your aquarium is ready. 

 The business opportunities are as follows :

1) sale of vats/containers

 2) sale of accessories. 

 3) sale of fish and other creatures for the tank. 

 4)consultancy on setting up ,managing and maintaining a fish. #aquarium

 5) sale of fish flakes.

 These vats could also be used to raise fingerlings and sell as juveniles or you can raise fingerlings to market size using bigger and large number of vats depending on stock size.

This will open up another business for sale of fish feed and catfish @ harvest time.

How satellite technology is helping to fight illegal fishing.

A new initiative is arming coastguards with satellite intelligence that allows them to target their search for pirate fishing vessels in remote marine areas Pirate fishing vessels plundering fish from the world’s marine reserves, such as the one around Ascension Island announced on the weekend, can now be watched, tracked and brought to justice using satellite technology.Despite a proliferation of huge, publicly lauded marine reserves, actually stopping fishing in many remote areas has previously been almost impossible. Fishing vessels are required to carry a transponder that tracks their movements and allows authorities to monitor their behaviour. But illegal fishers simply switch off the machine, disappearing from the system. A UK-funded initiative, developed by Satellite Applications Catapult (SAC) and the Pew Charitable Trusts, uses satellite radars to track these “dark targets”. Now, instead of blindly patrolling vast areas of ocean, coastguard vessels use the satellite intelligence to target their search. Bradley Soule, senior fisheries analyst for SAC. Satellite radar has traditionally been used by the military and law enforcement agencies. But the cost has dropped dramatically, opening up the data for private companies to use.“It is definitely a big deal,” he said. “[The global satellite tracking] gives a sense of the scope ... It is a wide-ranging problem.” Roughly one in every five fish landed around the world is caught illegally. Story source ;http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jan/04/how-satellite-technology-is-helping-to-fight-illegal-fishing

Insects as protein source for animal feed.

Insect Farming Is taking Shape as demand for animal feed rises;As the world grows hungrier for animal protein, insects could be the new way to feed livestock. However, food producers are likely to feel the pinch as the world’s population climbs to nine billion by 2050, while rising incomes in large countries like China and India lead to greater demand for meat-rich diets. So entrepreneurs, researchers, and even the United Nations are looking for an animal feed less expensive than the soybeans and fish meal typically used today. Insects like mealworms and fly larvae, a natural food for wild birds and fish, could be a near-perfect replacement. With several startups planning industrial-scale operations, it may not be long before some poultry or fish entrées are raised on a regular diet of bugs. 15 % of all wild-caught fish goes to feeding farmed fish, pigs, or poultry. Soybean production, about 95 percent of which goes into animal feed, has seen a significant spike since the 1990s and will reach record highs this year. But unless yields can be significantly increased, continuing this surge would mean gobbling up additional land and water. Not only do insects use far less of these resources than soy, but they also feed on food waste. Furthermore, they’re comparable to soy in protein content. Breeding trials conducted by the E.U. initiative PROteINSECT have found that one hectare of land could produce at least 150 tons of insect protein per year. By comparison, soy planted over the same area yields just under a ton of protein per year. Feeding trials also suggest that a bug-based diet will produce bigger, stronger livestock. In its 2013 report on edible insects, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the U.N. pointed to several studies on fish and Japanese quail in which ground crickets replaced up to 50 percent of the fish meal in their feed. The fish outperformed counterparts fed traditional diets on every growth parameter, and the cricket-fed quail laid more eggs than the control group. story credit; http://www.technologyreview.com/news/529756/insect-farming-is-taking-shape-as-demand-for-animal-feed-rises/

VETERINARY MEDICINE: HOW TO MAKE DOG SOUP.

VETERINARY MEDICINE: HOW TO MAKE DOG SOUP. INGREDIENTS. 1)BEEF/Chicken. 2) Pepper. 3)Vegetable oil. VETERINARY MEDICINE: HOW TO MAKE DOG SOUP. METHOD. 1) wash,cut and cook chicken/beef. 2) pour a dash of pepper& oil in the pot containing the beef. 3) Allow to simmer. 4) soup is ready.

DOG FOOD.

Feeding dogs can be conventional,local or home cooking,however the route you choose food safety is very important.The dog food industry has suffered quite a blow of late with several disease outbreak linked to contamination of food from the point of production,this has led to several recall episode in which several dogs and dog owners were major actors. The cases of rise in E.coli infection in several countries leading to death in several dogs,has led to so many questions on food safety in dog food industry,for starters the nutritional facts were found to be inaccurate, some contain harmful preservatives that were masked and contamination during preparation and packaging. Many of the companies have traced the contamination to source of the raw material such as chicken and beef used, thus beaming the light on the producers of these animals. These recalls have shifted the paradigm of dog food from conventional to home cooking, where we are sure of what the dogs are eating, the source,nutritional fact,and the most important fact that the food are chemical- free. Nutritious food for your dogs will include carbohydrate,protein,fat/oil,vitamins/minerals and lots of fresh water.The sources of carbohydrate are rice,pasta, bread,plantain e.t.c,these can be cooked with meat,fish,chicken,turkey,gizzard,liver and heart as protein sources.These food can be prepared with olive oil,coconut oil or fish oil as fat sources. Vitamins /minerals can be in forms of fruits and vegetables such as carrots,apples,watermelon,banana,spinach or you can supplement the feed by giving the dogs as additives. The variety and safety home cooking provides has made it very acceptable and a better alternative to ensure health of the dogs.Home cooking also has the advantage that it can be a source of therapy to manage dogs with certain conditions such as obesity,anemia,liver,kidney disease,allergy and diabetes.The best way to go about home cooking is to determine the food stuff you need to use, determine the combination, consider the number of your dogs and the time interval of the meal.It is usual practice to make in large quantities and keep in freezer,to serve warm and fresh when required. A simple home cooked meal is pasta,with cubed liver,garnished with spinach, a drop of coconut oil is added to mixture with atovi ,this will not only supply the needed nutrients but its also filling and palatable to the dogs.

AGRIBUSINESS: HOW TO MAKE JUTE RICE FOR YOUR DOG.

Jute rice!!! what is this ??? well its a highly nutritious delicacy that your dogs will love.
Jute rice is a recipe made from jute leaves and rice.

Jute leaves also called "EWEDU", is a highly nutritious vegetable packed with vitamin A,C,E; this makes them very valuable in preventing free radicals from damaging body cells. The vitamin A,also has added value in improving vision,vitamin C also helpful in stimulating appetite.
   
Jute leaves has a low caloric value,so you can incorporate it in diet without excessive weight gain, these leaves can also be used to control diarrhea.
   
The benefits of jute leaves are enormous and these can be prepared and served with other feed stuff to provide a balanced meal for your dog.
                       JUTE RICE; INGREDIENTS;jute leaves. fish/meat/chicken. rice.
   
                                          PREPARATION.
  1) pick the jute leaves,rinse and set aside.
 
  2) Get a pot,pour some water in it,add stock/fish broth.

   3)Add a pinch of potash.

   4) Add the jute leaves and allow to boil.

    5) After 5 minutes, use the kitchen broom to cut the jute leaves,continue beating with the broom until all are cut to small bits and with a drawy texture.

  6)Put the jute leaves aside. next prepare the already washed and cooked meat or fish; these can be cut to bits, or cubes or shredded,and set aside.

BENEFITS OF FIBER IN DOG FOOD.

Fiber in dog's food play a vital role in digestion and metabolic functions.Fiber add to the bulk of food aiding its easy passage through the digestive system.It stabilizes blood sugar hence its of tremendous benefit in diabetic patients.The fiber content in diet allows the dog to eat as much as they want without additional calories,thus its a key ingredient in weight loss diet for obese dogs. Sources of fiber are cooked sweet potato,oat-bran,pumpkin,sweetcorn,spaghetti ,bread,rice,and macaroni.Fruits and vegetables are also good sources of fiber ,these include raw carrots,apple,orange,peas(cooked) and spinach. Fiber in the diet performs following functions; 1) prevents constipation; it adds to bulk of food thus aids the passage of food through the digestive tract preventing reduced peristaltic movement. 2)treatment of diarrhea; fiber in diet normally results in firm stools. 3)fibers can be soluble or insoluble; thus some fibers are fermented into fatty acids to aid digestion and also repair injured colon cells. 4)reduces anal gland problems; insoluble fibers makes stool firmer,this assists emptying of the anal gland as the dog passes feces easily. 5)weight control; increases content of feed hence the dogs are fuller without adding more calories. 6)prevents fluctuations in blood sugar levels,thus making fiber a key ingredient in diabetic dog's food. Fruits are natural sources of insoluble and soluble fiber,majorly these fruits are of immense value when skin is not removed such as apples,carrots and peas.The best way to incorporate these will be to prepare home cooked meals,so that you can mix and match food types that bests suits your dog's requirement. A nutritious fiber rich diet will be oatmeal with milk,blended with fish to produce a healthy balanced meal.

PROTEIN IN DOG FOOD.

Dogs rely on protein to provide muscle building blocks and essential amino acids that are necessary for vital cell processes.The lack of protein in diet results in lean muscles,reduced energy,the immune system is compromised and coat is dry and flaky. The sources of protein for dog food may be plant-derived or animal-derived but the important index for selecting a protein source is the biological value.The biological value of protein refers to the availability of the protein in the food to the dog,foods with high biological value are the most suitable sources releasing the necessary nutrients because they are readily digestible. Foods that contain protein of low biological value are not easily digested resulting in low availability of protein to the dog and resultant deficiency.When a dog food is to be assessed ,the protein level must be ascertained to be of high biological value.Proteins of high biological value are expensive so when incorporated to dog food raises the cost while low protein of low biological value are cheap making such dog food cheap. Foods of high biological value are 1) eggs; these are of high biological value ,they are readily accessible in the diet especially when boiled.Eggs hold a higher value than meat. Fish; these include tuna,salmon and fishes high in fish oil because of omega3fatty acids,that helps to give coat a shiny coat. Meat ; beef,chicken,turkey,duck and lamb. The nutritive value of beef is drawn out by drying,then pulverizing, the water ,fat is removed then the remnant is ground into powder and incorporated into meal.This makes the meat readily digestible,making all nutrients available. Protein of low biological value include animal by-products such as hair,hooves,horn and feathers.Dog food that will provide the necessary protein level must have a high biological value ,the higher the value the more digestible the food and the less waste the dog will produce.

VETERINARY MEDICINE: GARDEN RICE'ODLES WITH FISH

VETERINARY MEDICINE: GARDEN RICE'ODLES WITH FISH . The recent rise in contamination of dog food has led to numerous recalls causing many dog owners to look for alternatives.The recalls include wet foods,kibble and even certain treats.The alternative now is home cooking,and the use of fruits ,vegetables as treats. Home cooking involves the use of wholesome food stuff,mixed in adequate proportions to produce a balanced meal.When the nutritional requirements are met ,there is no need for supplements. VETERINARY MEDICINE: GARDEN RICE'ODLES WITH FISH. Home cooking can actually save you money because of the method of preparation,it adds a long of variety to the diet,adding color and increasing the nutrient value.The use of preservatives are restricted in home cooking which is a major advantage,as the dogs are exposed to natural food stuff. The various feed stuff has been highlighted in previous post, today we are discussing GARDEN RICE'ODLES WITH fish. This meal can be made with meat,chicken or liver depending on your preference.When giving dogs fish, its worthy to note that it must be deboned thoroughly. Fish usually of benefit are those high in omega H3,which are of great advantage for the coat,making it glossy. GARDEN RICE'ODLES WITH FISH. INGREDIENTS RICE. NOODLES. VEGETABLES. FISH. VETERINARY MEDICINE: DOG FOOD RECIPE. PREPARATION. Wash rice and cook in fish broth or cook normally. wash and dice vegetable,then boil until tender or you can steam it. cook the noodle. debone fish,wash and set aside.fish could be boiled or roasted. Add the noodles to rice then mix with diced vegetables then finish off by pouring the fish in the mixture and stiring all together.

FISH HEALTH .

Fish should be observed on a regular basis for signs of ill health,stress or any discomfort.This is the main reason why you must master your fish behavior;swimming patterns,feeding and response to stimuli so that any changes will be noticed and addressed. There must be an operational protocol,where the pipe works, pumps and general system are checked for leaks,damage,breaks or blockages . The pond is the controlled environment of the fish,and the health status of the fish is hinged on its stability and balance. Potential problems /deaths in ponds has been traced to biofilters.When nitrogenous wastes accumulate in ponds,they increase ammonia levels in ponds,causing death of microrganism in the biofilters which results in mass death of fish. The water parameters are to be checked at regular intervals as these are indicators of fish health status; dissolved oxygen,temperature,ammonia level,nitrate,nitrite,pH and phosphate are very important. Fish health can be judged good/bad based on observation.When fish are flicking or flashing its an indication of parasitic infestation or high nitrite concentration in water.Fish jumping also indicate parasitic infestation,gill problems or irritating contaminates in water. Rubbing against fish tank/wall is a clear indication of parasitic infestation.Stress is to be suspected when fish are swimming slowly,resting down in the pond and refusal of feed.Mucus covered fish points to stress as well as parasitic infestation Fish gasping for fresh air on water surface,or hanging around water inlet indicate a low level of dissolved oxygen in the pond. Parasitic infection could be by bacteria,fungi or viruses.Parasites could infect or infest the body of fish as in the case of fish lice,which causes severe irritation. When fish is observed with clamped fins,red streaks on skin its indicative of a bacterial infection,while whitish spots on fish giving a cotton-wool appearance is indicative of viral infection,these are usually complicated by secondary bacterial infection. Fish could also show lumps or pox-like lesion as in the case of carp pox,these usually disintegrate leaving ulcers that are also complicated by bacteria.Worms also affect health of fish,tapeworms in fish cause a change in body color resulting in dark-colored fish ,that are weak and swimming with open mouths The anchor worm causes proliferation of muscle. Fish farms must have some materials to facilitate easy management ,ease handling and ensure survival and health of fish.These include nets,water kit,bowl,gloves and indicator paper.