Pre--slaughter poultry processing tips.

	April 2016
pages 30-31	Table of Contents

Flavonoids and their effect on broiler immunity.

Flavonoids, naturally occurring plant secondary metabolites, are currently under investigation as feed additives in poultry for their antioxidative properties. Antioxidative agents are important for poultry nutrition as they reduce lipid peroxidation, a major concern for the organoleptic characteristics and nutritional value of meat and eggs, and can prolong poultry product shelf life. Apart from potent antioxidants, flavonoids have been shown to possess immunomodulatory and in particular anti-inflammatory properties. Quercetin, a flavonoid belonging to the class of flavonols, is present in several fruits, vegetables and herbs and has been shown to improve oxidative status of broiler meat when added to the birds' feed and was detectable in the plasma and in several tissues of the animals. Quercetin has been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory agent in mice and in humans. So far studies on flavonoids in poultry examine, in addition to meat oxidative status, effects on growth performance and other productive traits, including meat and egg quality parameters. The effect of quercetin on broiler meat quality parameters has been tested before as well. This particular study investigated the possible effects of dietary quercetin on parameters of broiler immune function and status. The Greek researchers examined parameters of cellular and humoral immunity, lymphoid organs size and cellularity and thymus subset composition to determine whether the immunomodulatory properties of quercetin exhibited in other animals are manifested in broilers when it is included in their feed. Animals received or 0.5 gr quercetin per kg feed or 1 gr quercetin per kg feed or a control diet. The researchers did not find differences between dietary treatment groups in cellular immune response or immune status (P>0.05). Interestingly, while total and IgM antibody titres did not differ among treatment groups (P>0.05), IgY antibody titres significantly increased with increasing quercetin supplementation (P-linear<0.05). therefore, dietary quercetin did not compromise any of the immune parameters tested but on the contrary enhanced igy antibody production.> The research paper culled from world poultry.

AVIAN INFLUENZA # SIGNS #

DDGS AND POULTRY FEED.

Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS) is the result of extracting ethanol from grains through dry milling.The corn kernel, which is a source of food for humans and animals, its also a source of ethanol, a fuel source. Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) offer nutrients and energy, DDGS can be sourced from corn, rice, wheat, sorghum and are highly useful for livestock and poultry. Ethanol producers only use the carbohydrate fraction of the corn kernel. The protein, fiber, minerals, and vitamins are returned to the animal food system in the form of distillers’ grains which are fed to beef cows and swine.This results in millions of tons of high protein animal feed and although 40% of the crop is often cited as the amount of corn used for making ethanol . DDGS derived from corn is an excellent feed ingredient for use in layer, broiler, duck and turkey diets and contains approximately 85% of the energy value in corn, has moderate levels of protein and essential amino acids, and is high in available phosphorus. DDGS from corn in the ethanol industry are considered to be waste,(distillers) but can still have a use as a feed ingredient. It is a very cheap source of crude protein, crude fibre, available phosphorous, unsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids. This is an effective alternative to soya and corn in the poultry diet with the added benefit that it reduces feed costs by replacing soya in the diet as the price of soya is very high . The inclusion of DDGS in poultry diet has many advantages; birds fed with DDGS have a better feed intake, feed conversion ratio, body weight gain. The DDGS inclusion improves meat and egg quality by enriching it with omega-3 fatty acids (Linoleic acid) which is good for heart patients. There is improved phosphorous availability and therefore there is less phosphorous excretion.This prevents environmental pollution due to high phosphorous bio availability and less exogenous phosphorous is supplemented and this reduces the feed cost.

BIRD FLU AND EGG PRODUCTION.

Egg production in the poultry value chain is affected by various factors especially diseases, the bird flu virus being a major culprit.Egg production still very low due to losses incurred during outbreak. Layer farms http://www.agweb.com/article/egg-production-still-low-in-south-dakota-after-bird-flu-NAA-associated-press/

BROILERS AND VACCINATION .

.Factors affecting broiler vaccination,http://poultryhealthtoday.com/shift-and-drift-affect-broiler-vaccination-decisions/

COCCIDIOSIS -MANAGEMENT IN POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.

New methods to cut losses in poultry value chain due to coccidiosis has been unveiled.The new management entails http://poultryhealthtoday.com/new-coccidiosis-management-initiative-aims-reduce-losses/

THE USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN POULTRY.

The use of antibiotics in poultry is a cause of concern especially because of antibiotic residues and resultant superbugs.The judicious use of antibiotics are highlighted here; http://poultryhealthtoday.com/judicious-antibiotic-use-what-does-it-mean-in-poultry/?utm_source=PHT+eBlast+List&utm_campaign=b5a77e0a0a-Wages_Judicious_Antibiotics10_27_2015&utm_medi

Rabobank offers poultry suppliers advice for growth

Rabobank offers poultry suppliers advice for growth

RAISING LAYERS FOR PROFIT.

The cost of raising 500 birds; EXPENDITURE COST. 1)Land...................................................................................1,500,000. 2) Housing................................................................................900,000. 3) D.O.C @ 200.........................................................................100,000. 4) Cages @ 70,00........................................................................350,000. 5) Labor @ 20,000...................................................................40,000. 6) Brooding @ 30/chick...............................................................15,000. 7) Vaccination/medication @ 80/chick...............................................40,000. 8)Farm tools,supplies/implements................................................35,000. 9) Feed @60 g/chick for 0-8 weeks @ 2,500/bag............................................168,000. 10) Feed @ 90 g/chick for 9-20 weeks @ 2,800/bag............................................423,360. 11) feed @ 120 g/chick/day for 21-40 weeks @ 3000/bag..................................1,008,000. Total.................................................4,579,360. PROFIT ANALYSIS Sale of birds @ 2000 x 450(10% mortality).....................900,000. profit= recurrent expenditure- proceeds= .................1,794,360-900,000 =894,360 naira. The layers provide additional profit at same cost..... sale of eggs @ 900/crate for 234,000 naira. The overhead cost will reduce from 2nd phase of production as the cost will include recurrent expenditure only,meaning more profit for the investor. The production phase can also be prolonged by forced moulting to extend laying period,resulting more bigger eggs. RAISING LAYERS FOR PROFIT.

POULTRY PIE!!!!

Which piece resonant with you??? Blue represents……production phase. These accounts for all poultry specie, feed, medication, cages, vaccines and drugs. Red represents….processing phase; these accounts for slaughtering, processing and packaging. These include all products from processing chicken. Green represents ……..marketing phase; accounts for all marketing routes, vehicles and channels of marketing. Purple represents…..distribution phase; to stores, cold rooms, food vendors and retailers. Which piece is yours??? Claim it now, and enjoy.

INVESTORS FORUM ; SET A.

The call for investors in the poultry value chain is on; wondering what the criteria for participation is??? 1) Interest in poultry value chain. 2) fit into the hart below as a service provider,consumer or manufacturer.spot.com/-QELts5WY5BM/ViMkABvmHMI/AAAAAAAAC4E/ucK_EoildO4/s320/Photo1682.jpg" /> 3} If you are involved in the production of any of the machines below/or provide any services related to them; you should attend.

INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.