Vet and food safety

Tuberculosis a deadly zoonotic disease, and the rise in human cases has been linked to consumption of animal byproducts and flesh of animals with tuberculosis. This is one of the reasons why you must purchase your beef and animal by products from certified slaughter slabs and abattoir. The picture shows tubercles in lymph node,rib cage, and liver, The entire carcass was condemned and destroyed. Do not purchase beef that is tainted, smelly or discolored. Buy your animal products and byproducts from certified slabs and abattoir. Food safety and hygiene is our collective responsibility,do your part.

THE ROLE OF THE VETERINARIAN IN CURBING TUBERCULOSIS.

FISH HEALTH PROTOCOL.

The fish tank/pond is a summation of all activities carried out in the farm. The health status of the fish depends largely on management,this will determine the success of the venture.The prevention of fish diseases is achieved by implementing methods to prevent stress on the farm these include regular feeding with good quality feed,at specific feeding points at specific times. Fish should be given good quality feed at specific points at specified times to ensure proper observation this protocol ensures pond management as observation will dictate course of action. Predisposing conditions to fish diseases can easily be observed and prevented,these include poor water quality,overstocking and poor feed quality. The presence of dead fish or dying fish in the pond indicate a stress condition which can be attributed to pathogenic agents,bad feed,poor oxygen concentration e.t.c. HOW TO IDENTIFY SICK FISH; 1) the fish stops feeding. 2)the movement is sluggish,swimming by the side of tank. 3) skin discoloration. 4)lesion such as sores,pus ,white nodules on the skin. 5) fins rotten or frailed off. 6)gills are pale,hairy,white and covered with mucus. When you observe any of the above do the following; 1) isolate fish. 2)test the water parameter with a test kit. 3) check the fish thoroughly. 4)submit fish for laboratory diagnosis. 5)match the result with water analysis . 6) institute treatment based on result. The isolation of sick fish in treatment tank is to prevent spread/contamination of other stock,but ideally when you identify any sick fish you isolate them but ensure you drain the pond and replace with fresh water.This will ensure you flush out the causative agent and also alter the water parameter. It is very essential to treat all the fish in pond although those isolated will be treated separately and will only be returned to pond when health status is certified . Fish health management is a key to success of the venture, using Atovi feed premix is an advantage. It enhances the immune system of the fish keeping diseases away, the fish grows faster resulting in early harvest and fish are of big sizes fetching more profit. The premix ensures proper absorption of feed,so there is no wastage reducing the amount of feces hence pond is clean without undigested feed in pond. The use of atovi premix ensures a balance in water parameters as there are no nitrogenous deposits preventing nitrite toxicity which causes brown blood disease.It also prevents high ammonia deposit in pond because of complete metabolism of feed. FOR HIGHER FISH YIELD ;USE ATOVI PREMIX.

AGRIBUSINESS : Common fish diseases and treatment.

Fish health management refers to practices that ensures optimum growth and development.The health status of fish is hinged largely on procedural technique;these include stocking density,water quality,oxygen tension, rate of dissolved gases turbidity and feed.The proper implementation of these technique ensures that the fish are disease-free. Diseases affecting fish are classified as bacterial,viral and fungal; these will only proliferate when environmental conditions of the pond are altered thereby making the fish susceptible to infection. Bacteria enteritis is a bacterial infection caused by Aeromonas punctata , where the fish stops feeding,the intestines are distended,the body is darkened ,the gills are rotten and anal region is swollen.The condition results in high mortality,the treatment is use of antibiotics in feed or soak affected fish in antibiotic laced water.There is also a herbal remedy ; fresh garlic are crushed and added to feed at a rate of 5 g of garlic to 10 kg of feed for 3 days. Bacterial gill rot caused by flexibacter columnaris; affects the gills turns them black because of large deposit of mucus on the gills,thus making it putrid.The operculum is inflamed ,gills ulcerate and drop off.This is also treated by adding antibiotics to feed,also table salt at 2% concentration in 20litres of water can be used in the treatment tank,where the fish are immersed for 10-15 mins. The cotton white disease or "water mold" caused by saprolegria spp,affects the gill filaments making them hairy and white.The treatment involves immersing fish in a solution of common salt and sodium bicarbonate. White head and mouth disease caused by pseudomonas dermoalla, the fish loses the natural color and attains a milky color from head to tail.This condition is also caused by myxococus piscicala. Furunculosis refers to the condition where the fish skin and muscle are inflammed,distended with pus,the fins are damaged and are eroded. The sudden death syndrome usually caused by branchiomycosis sanguinis; the gills are pale,with heavy mucus deposit on gills ,spores are also noted on gills suffocating the fish because of insufficient oxygen.This disease is largely associated with poor water quality with high deposit of inorganic matter. The treatment of bacterial infection in fish requires use of antibiotics in feed or water but most importantly,the pond must be flushed .Water must be added to pond and it should be properly aerated before treatment commences. Fish diseases can be prevented with sound management practices and inclusion of atovi feed premix to fish feed.

EGGS! EGGS!! EGGS!!! AND ATOVI.

Chicken raised with atovi premix lay for longer periods,eggs are big with thick shells and best of all no antibiotics.The immune system is enhanced so they dont succumb to bacteria,viruses or fungi infection.The feed is properly metabolized and absorbed resulting in proper utilization of feed with no undigested protein in feces resulting in odorless waste.The result is less consumption of feed with rapid growth of birds , and attainment of market weight faster. Eggs are essential for growth and development especially in children,buy eggs that give nutrients and add value. USE ATOVI PREMIX.

EGGS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUE.

Antibiotic residue in animal by products such as eggs are a global concern especially with the "superbugs effect".The process of rearing animals on a commercial level has come under attack because of the impact on the health of man.The production process from farm to table is laced with use of antibiotics ,growth hormones and anticoccidial drugs,which impact negatively on the consumers. Antibiotic residue in animals has been identified as the key factor for proliferation of antibiotic resistant bacteria resulting in several deaths especially in children and women.The residues in animal tissues have also been fingered as the reason for increase cases of obesity,diabetes,cancer ,kidney and liver diseases and early attainment of sexual maturity in children. The additives in animal feed with its negative impact on health has been a debate and several countries opting out of the use,with many buying animals reared only on home grown feed,more and more people buying organic products and very many others purchasing from farmers/organizations with better production method. The rearing of animals can be a mind bogging experience if the proper management technique are not employed, and products churned out will definitely be different. Eggs; a major by-product from poultry has come under scrutiny with many scholars advocating the incorporation into diet and some others criticizing this because of " cholesterol" level but the fact is "an egg a day does keep the doctors away." Eggs are of immense benefits, they provide the body with essential vitamins and minerals e.t.c( read more about egg benefits at google.com/+BolanleOjuri) The eggs produced from chicken raised on antibiotic laden techniques cannot deliver any nutrient to the consumer,rather its a vehicle for antibiotic resistant bacteria to proliferate. An egg is really not an egg on its own,rather an egg is the sum total of what you feed your chicken,hence your practice impacts your products. Chicken raised with Atovi premix have the following benefits; the poultry house has no foul odor,the chicken are big without fat and skin is smooth and crispy, the eggs are bigger with thick shells and no antibiotic residue.The atovi ensures natural detoxification and expulsion of harmful compounds such as synthetic drugs,natural poison and antibiotics on cellular level which ensures that eggs and poultry are free of residues.The digestive system is energized and it ensures proper absorption of nutrient and total utilization which results in odorless waste due to absence of undigested protein in the feces. The birds have greater stamina,they dont succumb to diseases because of there energized cells that enhances their immune system. Farms where Atovi is used have zero cost on medication which is a real advantage especially in outbreak cases of bird flu,the birds wont contract the virus. Eggs are essential for development especially for children so ensure you are buying eggs of chicken raised without antibiotics.

FISH HEALTH.

Fish health refers to the wholeness of the fish, in terms of physiological conditions and environmental factors.The health of the fish depends largely on the conditions of the water,the feed and management. Fish should be placed in optimum conditions to prevent stress which leads to death and economic losses. Stress for the fish refers to conditions that prevents the attainment of normal physiological state,the causes of stress are chemical, biological,physical and procedural. Chemical stress factors include; poor water quality,low dissolved oxygen,pollutants (such as pesticides,oil spills,soap e.t.c),nitrogenous wastes and accumulation of ammonia. These stressors can be prevented by better management practices hence saving the fish. The incorporation of Atovi animal premix in fish farming has a 2-prong effect; it acts on the fish energizing the mitochondria ,which affects all the organs of the fish making them more efficient.The powder revitalizes and rejuvenates the cells and enhances the immune system ,this results in better absorption of feed because the atovi powder maintains and corrects the digestive system. The Atovi powder also works on the water itself ; it prevents the build up of hydrogen sulfide in the pond which is a major cause of fish death . The powder energizes the water,resulting in rapid breakdown of ammonia waste and other pollutants in the water,thus making more oxygen available for the fish.It aids oxygenation of the pond, maintains a steady PH and the amount of dissolved gases in the pond. Atovi powder benefits in fish farming include; early harvest , reduced feed cost, bigger fish and high livability of fish and zero cost of medication. The powder is also of immense benefit in ponds experiencing losses,when its used the deteriorating fish health are reversed,fish are rejuvenated and regenerated because of enhanced metabolism and immune system. ATOVI PREMIX............a paradigm shift in fish farming.