EQUINE VIRAL RHINOPNEUMONITIS.

The equine viral rhinopneumonitis caused by a herpes virus is also referred to as rhino in horses,this is similar to common cold in humans. Respiratory disease in horses is one of the reasons for poor performance in race horses.The herpes infection though not usually fatal can be a prolonged infection.The virus causes abortion,foal death,neurological diseases and respiratory tract problems. Rhinopneumonitis is spread by aerosol,direct contact with secretions,utensils,drinking water contaminated by nasal secretions.The complication is usually by secondary bacterial infection which might result in death. SIGNS 1) Fever, 2)clear nasal discharge 3) coughing 4) abortions. PREVENTION. 1) Vaccination. Mares should be vaccinated at 5,7 and 9 month of gestation. 2)Isolation of affected horses. 3) strict bio security protocol. 4) antibiotic treatment for secondary bacteria infection.

STRANGLES IN HORSES.

Strangles in horses caused by streptococcus equi,is a very contagious respiratory disease.All horse ages can be affected but foals and travel horses are very susceptible.The incubation period is 2 weeks but the affected horses still shed bacteria for longer periods,thus their can be new incidence on farm after index case.The form of infection is direct or indirect route, the direct route usually through water buckets where bacteria can survive for long periods of time.10% of affected horses become carriers. The common signs are fever,nasal discharge,cough,depression,lack of appetite,enlarged lymph nodes that form abscess that eventually ruptures.The affected horses may or may not show classical signs aside from fever,hence the conditions can go un diagnosed on the farm. There are certain complications in strangles infection which makes condition fatal; 1) Abscesses can be formed in other body organs referred to as "bastard strangles".2) Purpura haemorrhagia ;where the blood vessels are damaged and can be identified by swollen limbs,blood blisters around eyes and lips.This can lead to death because of circulatory failure. Prevention. 1) vaccination. 2) separate/isolate horses by ages and susceptibility status. 3) strict bio security protocol. 4) limit number of horses/ stable/barn in the farm. Treatment. 1) isolate affected horses. 2) use dedicated feed/water bowl. 3) restrict movement, do not turn on pasture. 4) proper manure management/disposal. 5)antibiotics. 6) wound treatment to prevent fly strikes. 6) vitamin supplement .

AGRIBUSINESS :VETERINARY MEDICINE AND PHONES.

Veterinary tips on- the- go, get informative tips on animal diseases,prevention and treatment protocols. The service also involves information on animal health products,method of use and specific products to use in cases of disease incidence. For all veterinary tips,TEXT VET TO 35818 ON ANY NETWORK.

POULTRY DISEASE UPDATE!!!

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EQUINE INFLUENZA UPDATE!!!

Equine influenza: Changing nature of cases!!! Cases are more common even in well-vaccinated horses, so what is the problem? The case of vaccine failure or vaccine break? Data from research on recent equine influenza virus (EIV) outbreaks show a noticeable change in the horses being affected by the virus.While naïve, young horses are still commonly affected, there has been a marked increase in EIV outbreaks among well vaccinated horses. This increase among well vaccinated horses is surprising and means we're seeing a lack of vaccine effectiveness," says Dr. Nicola Pusterla, professor of equine internal medicine at the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine. "The recommendation here is for vaccines to include the most current influenza strain." To help keep EIV from affecting your horse's health, rely on a vaccine that has been updated to include the most relevant flu strains. Only Vetera® vaccines contain both the Florida Clade I and Clade II equine influenza strains as recommended by the OIE, a global panel that monitors circulating equine influenza strains, to protect against the strains most likely to infect horses today. Vetera is a registered trademark of Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. ©2015 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. A For more information please visit www.bi-vetmedica.com

INFLUENZA IN HORSES.

Influenza caused by myxovirus,causing a respiratory disease that is severe in horses.All age groups are susceptible but foals are more susceptible,and its highly contagious. The mode of transmission is aerosol,usually from horse to horse. The common signs are fever,inappetence, watery nasal discharge,harsh dry cough.The disease is prevented by vaccination, isolate new horses and sick horses.

VETERINARY MEDICINE: HORSES AND MOSQUITOES.

Mosquitoes cause a number of diseases in horses such as west Nile virus,the eastern,Venezuelan and western encephalomyelitis..The mosquitoes transmit these infectious agents by sucking blood of the horses.The mosquito bite though painful characterized by chewing and scratching cause severe diseases,and vaccination is the only form of prevention of such diseases. Horses should be protected from mosquitoes in barns and stalls to prevent these infections; these tips will keep horses/stables mosquito free. 1)remove any object that can collect water,destroy all tins or vessels that has stagnant water. 2)dont litter pasture with manure. 3)deworm horses regularly. 4) spray insecticides in stables/barns, 5) keep drains clean and spray insecticides in drain. 6) use fans in stables/barns to deter mosquitoes.Mosquitoes operate where there is heat and carbon dioxide buildup,thus using fans will ensure free flow of air and remove the carbon dioxide.The fans keep the air moving,making it impossible for the mosquitoes to operate as they only function where air is still. 7) remove manure from stalls daily and from pasture 2 times a week. 8) use of screens in stable. 9)dont leave lights on overnight in stables and during the evening.