AGRIBUSINESS : WOMEN EMPOWERMENT,MDGS AND POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.

AGRIBUSINESS : WOMEN EMPOWERMENT,MDGS AND POULTRY VALUE CHAIN. The poultry value chain is a means of empowering women,this will in turn ensure food security while also encouraging children to go to school.The chain has various phases that can accommodate women; the egg sales/distribution, raising birds,selling packaged chicken,live chicken and also selling various chicken parts and opening food courts. AGRIBUSINESS : WOMEN EMPOWERMENT,MDGS AND POULTRY VALUE CHAIN. Women make up a large % of farmers,that ensure food is available for the home front and for sale as well. When women are provided with chicks/space/feed/cages; any form of seed capital will ensure a turn around that they can live on.The women are responsible for the upkeep of their children,where the mothers have no means of livelihood,the children suffer and cant go to school. When women are empowered,more kids go to school and the school feeding programme is another area of empowerment.The women in an area/community could be organized to groups/subgroups; where a group produces,and other group prepares provided food stuff for the school children.This way at least the children are sure of nutritious meals at home and school.

AGRIBUSINESS:HOW TO TAKE CARE OF CHICKENS.

AGRIBUSINESS:HOW TO TAKE CARE OF CHICKENS. AGRIBUSINESS:HOW TO TAKE CARE OF CHICKENS. The success of the venture depends on following strict health protocols that are wrapped around simple but effective bio security protocol.The health protocol involves vaccinations coupled with medications.The use of drugs take into consideration the withdrawal time,so as not to process birds with antibiotic residue for human consumption. Vaccination refers to a method of disease prevention in healthy animals by challenging the animal with an attenuated/killed agent of a disease so as to elicit the production of antibodies. When vaccinations are done properly and immunity conferred,the animal is said to have been immunized against such causative agents of disease.Vaccination though stimulates antibodies production to protect the animals ,but if not done properly ;the desired immunity will not be conferred.When immunity is not conferred,2 major causes are fingered.These are vaccine failure or vaccine break. When immunity is not conferred due to vaccine break,the following are causes; 1)when the cold chain is broken; usually from point of sale to area you need them.The vaccines are to be transported in coolers with enough ice packs for the trip.The potency of the vaccines cant be guaranteed when this occurs,and when used the required immunity is not conferred. 2) when using inappropriate dilution and concentration; this nullifies any effect the vaccine should have on the birds. 3)when expired vaccines are used,definitely no immunity can be conferred. While vaccine failure could occur in any of the following scenarios;1)using inappropriate dose; under/overdosing will not elicit any antibody reaction. 2)wrong dilution/route. 3)vaccination of sick birds. 4)stress on birds during handling especially in hot weather. 5)Use of chemicals along side the vaccines especially water purification solutions. 6)vaccinating birds when signs of diseases are visible in flock. AGRIBUSINESS:HOW TO TAKE CARE OF CHICKENS. Vaccinations,though very essential ,if not properly carried out will just be a waste of resources. When planning to vaccinate; keep it simple. 1)place vaccine in ice pack. 2)engage qualified personnel. 3) use vaccine as directed by manufacturers.

AGRIBUSINESS: COMMON CAUSES OF CHICK MORTALITY .

AGRIBUSINESS: COMMON CAUSES OF CHICK MORTALITY . The brooding phase of production is the determinant of the overall success of the venture.This is definitely hinged on procurement of healthy chicks from renowned hatcheries.The management factor is key to the success of other operations in the cycle hence extra attention must be given to birds for the first few weeks of life. The common causes of chick mortality are; 1) hatchery defects,this is common in birds that were not exposed to proper conditions of temperature and humidity in the incubator.The chicks that were brought out under such conditions,will not thrive at all,they will die off after a few days. AGRIBUSINESS: COMMON CAUSES OF CHICK MORTALITY .Chocking and suffocation;these occurs when brooder lanterns/heating systems are faulty,this coupled with poor ventilation results in build up of smokes/fumes in the house.This results in inhalation of fumes by chicks resulting in chocking/suffocation. Chilling; when the brooder house is cold and the heat source is not adequate,especially on cold nights when its cold.The chicks will huddle towards light source,resulting in death from overcrowding as a result of chilling. AGRIBUSINESS: COMMON CAUSES OF CHICK MORTALITY .Thirst: when inadequate drinkers are provided and also when sufficient water is not made available,this will result in dehydration leading to death of chicks. AGRIBUSINESS: COMMON CAUSES OF CHICK MORTALITY . Starvation, arise when adequate feed is not provided,or when necessary feeders are not provided,the chicks will not have access to enough feed.This will encourage huddling towards feeder,where only few birds have access to feed,causing starvation and eventual death in the birds.Where the birds dont have enough water,they will not take adequate feed as well,because the chicks need twice amount of water for feed consumed. Trauma; can arise from improper handling,wrong placement of brooder equipment,or using equipment with sharp edges resulting in injuries that can result in death or deformation.This results in culling of deformed chicks. There are disease conditions that cause mortalities such as,yolk sac omphalities, aspergillosis,chronic respiratory disease,salmonellosis e.t.c.This will be discussed later.

VETERINARY MEDICINE: THE CHICKEN STORY.

VETERINARY MEDICINE: THE CHICKEN STORY. VETERINARY MEDICINE: THE CHICKEN STORY. What are the conditions? Optimum temperature. Optimum humidity. proper biosecurity protocol. Adequate feed + water. Vaccination + medication. https://veterinarymedicineechbeebolanle-ojuri.blogspot.com/

TURKEYS AND THE POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.

POULTRY VALUE CHAIN; SET C

Quail # quail farming.

Quail birds are small sized birds that lay small sized tinted eggs but are packed with vitamins. The sizes of the birds make it easy to manage, and their life cycle also encourages rearing in-house or out in the barn. The most common species are the Bob white quail and the Japanese quail; Coturnix japonlca. The quails have some advantages over the chicken; 1) the female quail begin to lay at 6 weeks and this continues for a year.2)They require minimal space for raising; the requirement is about 2 birds per square metre. 3) The quails are efficient feed converters; each quail egg is about 8% of the weight, while the chicken gives 3% of her weight. 4) They can also be slaughtered at 6 weeks. QUAIL MANAGEMENT. Males and females are raised to produce fertile eggs, which is a ratio-of 2 females to one male. It’s important to maintain this ratio because more males exposed to caged females will result in one male dominating, and pecking and injuring the other males. The ideal method is to have 1 male +2 females in a cage, and within 24 hours the egg produced is fertile and fertility is maintained for 3 weeks even after the male has been removed.(Woodward et al 73).The quails don’t sit on their eggs, so eggs collected are set in the incubator. The eggs hatch in 16 days.