BEEF PROCESSING AND POINTS OF CONTAMINATION./INFECTION.

Beef processing could be done manually or in slaughtering lines,but however you choose to slaughter basic hygiene principles must be observed. Water is an essential resource in any meat processing plant.Water is needed in all the processing segments to ensure that the beef is wholesome and fit for human consumption.The source of water must be clean,portable ..The source is basically pipe-borne water fully treated to ensure that any pathogen is destroyed,pipes must be checked to ensure its not burs ted or have any underground access to sewage. Water is usually used at high pressure to hose the animal down as they are brought into the slap,then every aspect of the processing is interrupted with hosing down before moving to next stage. Transportation to the market is another point of contamination; when processed beef are exposed and transported in dirty basins or carried in dirty wheel barrows.The beef when in transit should be not be tied up in bags,as the heat generated will be a breeding ground for pathogens to thrive.The heat generated will also facilitate spoilage of the beef,resulting in sale of spoiled beef in the market. Beef processing should be carried out in clean environment and transported in clean vehicles that are properly aerated with cooling facilities.Beef should be hung on rails in the vans,to ensure no part of the beef is heated up.This will prevent spoilage of beef before arrival in shops.

ATOVI , WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND FISH FARMING.

Waste water contains organic materials and nutrients, as well as pollutants and microorganisms that are harmful to humans and wildlife. which is the reason, all waste water treatment plants are designed to take advantage of the decomposition of organic materials by bacterial activity. Bacteria break down this organic material to obtain energy and building material for cell growth. The primary treatment involves physical removal of debris and large particles from the waste water; once at the plant, it enters one of two pumping stations. Sewage enters a large vat, where powerful pumps convey it into stilling basins and as the waste water flows past, mechanical augers grind up large debris and filter it out for disposal. The next step ; waste water enters grit removal tanks where sand, gravel and seeds settle to the bottom by gravity. The waste water then flows into the primary settling basins, where smaller particles settle out and mechanical devices skim off oil and solids that float to the top. When the removal of large particles and solids are done, the waste water flows into aeration basins where it is constantly stirred to help introduce oxygen and promote bacterial growth. This process is the secondary treatment and the mass of bacterial cells generated is called activated sludge. The beneficial bacteria will clean the water by digesting organic materials and other contaminants present in the waste water, consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. The waste water treatment plant will end up with a large amount of activated sludge (bacterial cell mass). The activated sludge (concentrated) will be placed in a large anaerobic digester designed to further treat the sludge using anaerobic bacteria. The result is not that satisfying because of the fact that harmful (anaerobic) bacteria can dominate the environment and in their decomposition process, produce hydrogen sulfide gas and similar by-products, this is the major cause of death in fish tanks. Where beneficial bacteria will be eliminated because they also die in toxins. The use of Atovi powder makes all the beneficial bacteria present in the waste water charged with high micro potential energy, making them strong and immune against any pollutants or toxins. The technology promotes regeneration of super strong beneficial bacteria thus, neutralizing harmful microorganisms through the process of competitive inhibition and competitive exclusion. The result is fully treated clean water, without traces of any chemicals, metals, toxins and bad bacteria. When the water turns green, it is a sign that marine ecosystem has been restored and it’s now suitable for fish and crustaceans culture. The use of atovi powder is of immense advantage in water plant and fish farming.