PLASTICS AND THE POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.

Plastics are of enormous value when you are raising birds,at various stages different sizes of plastics can be used to achieve success. Poultry can be on large,medium,small scale and back yard type of production. Plastics can be cut up and used as feed troughs,drinkers and sprinklers.In small scale or backyard production with there is space constraints, a brooder can be made from plastics.This is fitted with all necessary accessories to ensure adequate heat is provided for the birds. Thinking of starting small with little or no space available,then you can cut up your stock in batches and brood them in plastic bowls.This is much easier to monitor,manage and change the shavings easily. #startup. # vetpreneur # home business .(pics culled from internet).

BOVINE PAPILLOMATOSIS.

Papillomatosis also referred to as warts.Its caused by a virus and are various species that are specific.calves are most susceptible. Bovine warts are caused by contagious virus,the papilloma virus.This usually spread by contact from infected cattle to non infected cattle or indirectly from feeders,halters and restraining equipment.

The warts are like cauliflower lesions or flat thickened lesions on the neck,head,trunk,teats and penis.These lesions normally appear 1-6 months after infection and not all infected cattle show lesions. 

The lesions normally spread from ears to other sites,cattle with ear tags or tatoos are prone to infection with secondary bacteria thus causing wide spread purulent discharges . Cattle with these lesion are properly examined if presented for slaughter in the abattoir and the skin should be condemned.